1С language is designed differently from JavaScript, PHP and Java. In fact for practical reasons it does not need passing function as an argument. I also knew that Java didn't have this option for a long time until Java 8. You can do any functionality in 1c without this feature. If you share with us the reason of why you need passing function as an argument we can advise you how the task can be achieved in 1C without this.
Kind regards,
Alex